Diseases and Causative agents

Diseases, Causative agents and Symptoms

Typhoid

Salmonella typhi

• Sustained high fever (39oC to 40oC)

• Weakness, Stomach pain, Constipation, Headache, Loss of appetite.

• Intestinal perforation and death may occur in severe cases.

Pneumonia

Streptococcus pneumoniae And Haemophilus influenzae

• Fever, chills, cough, headache

• In severe cases the lips and fingernails may turn gray to bluish in colour.

Common cold

Rhino viruses

• Nasal congestion and discharge

• Sore throat

• Hoarseness

• Cough

• Headache, Tiredness

Malaria

Plasmodium vivax

• Intermittent high fever and chill.

• Profuse sweating.

• Loss of appetite.

• Headache and tiredness.

Malignant malaria

Plasmodium falciparum

Amoebiasis

Entamoeba histolytica

• Abdominal pain, cramps.

• Constipation

• Stool with excess mucous and blood clots

Ascariasis

Ascaris lumbricoides

• Severe Abdominal pain

• Indigestion, Internal bleeding, Muscular pain

• Fever, Anaemia

• Nausea and headache

• Blockage of the intestinal passage.

Elephantiasis or filariasis

Wuchereria bancrofti and Wuchereria malayi

• Inflammation of organs in which they live

• Blockage of lymph vessels of lower limbs resulting in swelling. Lower limbs appear like legs of elephant.

• Genital organs may also be affected, leading to deformation.

Ringworms

Microsporum, Trichophyton and Epidermophyton

• Dry and scaly lesions on skin, nails and scalp.

• Lesions are accompanied by intense itching.